Banks and credit unions sometimes take a large deposit from one customer and spread it across a network of other banks, in smaller chunks, so that the whole amount stays covered by federal deposit insurance (the government guarantee that protects your money if a bank fails, normally up to $250,000 per account). This bill lets banks accept more of these spread-out "reciprocal" deposits, with bigger banks allowed to hold more of them based on their overall size. It also loosens the health requirements a bank must meet to use this system — currently a bank needs a top-tier safety rating from regulators, but under this bill banks with the three highest safety grades (out of six, where 1 is healthiest and 6 is worst) would qualify, not just the very healthiest ones.