The Department of Homeland Security—the federal agency responsible for protecting the country from disasters, attacks, and other emergencies—would be required to run a practice drill simulating a terrorist attack that happens during an extreme cold snap, like the kind caused by a polar vortex, when systems such as power grids and water supplies are already under stress. The drill would test how government agencies and private companies (like utility providers) can work together to keep essential services running and help communities bounce back if both problems hit at once. Afterward, the department has 60 days to send Congress a report on what they learned and any changes they think should be made to laws or emergency plans as a result. The direct effect is mainly on government agencies and infrastructure companies involved in emergency planning, not on the average person's daily life, though the goal is to better protect communities during a combined crisis.