The Department of Energy—the federal agency that funds energy research—would run a seven-year program paying for research and pilot projects that make cement, concrete, and asphalt with lower climate-warming emissions, while also being cheaper, longer-lasting, or less wasteful of materials to produce. Companies, universities, nonprofits, and government bodies could apply to get funding to build and test these production methods, including technologies that capture carbon dioxide or use new materials. The government could stop funding these projects early if it decides these greener versions of cement, concrete, and asphalt are already widely available at reasonable prices without further help. For everyday people, this could eventually affect the materials used to build roads, sidewalks, and buildings, though the bill itself only sets up the research and funding process, not any specific product or requirement.