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H.J.Res. 1 · Law
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.
Introduced Jan 3, 2025 · On motion to suspend the rules and pass Failed by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 212 - 206 (Roll no. 293).
What does this mean?

The Supreme Court is the highest court in the country, and it has the final say on questions about what the law and the Constitution mean. Right now, the number of justices on it is not set by the Constitution but by an ordinary law passed by Congress, which has kept it at nine for many years. This proposal would change the Constitution itself to say the Court must have nine justices: one Chief Justice, who leads the Court, and eight Associate Justices. Because it is a proposed constitutional amendment, it would only take effect if it passes both chambers of Congress by a two-thirds vote and is then approved by three-fourths of the states, and it would make the number of justices something that could no longer be changed by a regular law.

Read the official CRS summary on Congress.gov →
Bill Lifecycle
Real action history from Congress.gov — where this bill is in the process, and every recorded step along the way.
Introduced in House
Jan 3, 2025
Referred to Committee
Jan 3, 2025
Full action history (13)
Jan 3, 2025Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.
Jan 3, 2025Introduced in House
Jun 3, 2026Ordered to be Reported by the Yeas and Nays: 15 - 8.
Jun 3, 2026Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held
Jul 6, 2026Placed on the House Calendar, Calendar No. 84.
Jul 6, 2026Reported by the Committee on Judiciary. H. Rept. 119-732.
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